Petroleum Refining Training
701-01 Introduction to Petroleum Refining
When you complete this lesson, you will be able to identify and briefly describe various refining processes that take place in a typical petroleum refinery.
- Explain what is meant by crude oil
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Describe the purpose of each of the following processes:
- Crude oil desalting
- Atmospheric distillation
- Vacuum distillation
- Catalytic reforming
- Cracking
- Alkylation
- Isomerization
- Polymerization
- Discuss refinery treating processes
- Identify the function of a gas plant
- Explain the importance of refinery blending operations
- List substances often stored in the refinery tank farm
701-02 Basic Petroleum Chemistry
When you complete this lesson, you will be able to discuss the molecular structure, physical properties, naming conventions, and commercial uses of several common hydrocarbons.
- Compare the definitions of petroleum and crude oil
- Relate the physical states of hydrocarbons to their carbon content
- Discuss how covalent bonds are formed between hydrogen and carbon
- Explain the use of base names, prefixes, and suffixes to label hydrocarbons
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Describe and compare the structure of the following hydrocarbon families:
- Paraffins
- Napthenes
- Aromatics
- Olefins
- Alkynes
- Identify correlations between physical properties of a hydrocarbon and the hydrocarbon’s molecular structure
- List some contaminants commonly found in crude oil and explain their adverse effects on oil refining
701-03 OSHA’s Process Safety Management Standard
When you complete this lesson, you will be able to identify the main components and explain the objectives of the OSHA Process Safety Management (PSM) standard.
- Discuss the purpose of the PSM standard
- Describe the type of process safety information required under the PSM standard
- List the points included in a process hazard analysis
- Identify the types of operating procedures that fall under the PSM standard requirements
- Discuss the training requirements under PSM standard
- Describe how the PSM standard relates to contractors
- Identify what is included in a PSM pre-start-up safety review
- Describe requirements to comply with PSM mechanical integrity standards
- Explain what is meant by management of change procedures under PSM
- Describe PSM incident investigation and emergency planning and response provisions
- Discuss PSM compliance audit requirements
701-04 History of Refining
When you complete this lesson, you will be able to provide a general overview of the evolution of crude oil processing from 1846 until the present day.
- Explain how and why kerosene replaced whale oil
- Discuss causes of the emergence of the gasoline market
- Describe how the CAA Amendments of 1970 affected refining processes
- Identify some effects of oil industry deregulation
- Discuss the effects of the vapor pressure regulations of 1989 and 1992
- Describe how the CAA Amendments of 1990 affected refining processes